Nexus between energy intensity and Environmental Quality SSA: Evidence from GMM

Ecosystem protection is a priority for all nations, particularly developing nations. This state has the most active economic policy debate and development because of its commitment to equitable growth, environmental protection, energy conservation, universal access adequate energy. article argues that Sub-Saharan Africa's progress ecological sustainability are intertwined (S.S.A.). The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory proposes U-shaped relationship between increased per capita income emissions nitrous oxide (N2O), agricultural methane (ACH4), carbon monoxide (C.O.) (CO2). dynamics GDP expansion, intensity, foreign direct investment, human capital, dioxide also investigated. We observed trade significantly raises N2O, ACH4, CO2 whole United States categories (Upper-Middle-Income Countries (UMIC), Lower-Middle-Income (LMIC), Low-Income (LIC)) (L.I.C. ). believe EKC demonstrates feasibility further emission reductions in future since expansion SSA nations uniformly detrimental environment. findings demonstrated need energy-efficient secure industry while revealing drawbacks freer local commerce influence on economy.